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    The Everyday Magnetism of Attaullah Khan Esakhelvi

    Written by: Mahnoor Fatima
    Posted on: March 11, 2021 | | 中文

    Attaullah Khan Esakhelvi at Coke Studio

    在巴基斯坦许多人知道阿塔拉汗·埃萨赫维,并对他的成就十分钦佩。埃萨赫维在巴基斯坦被视为民族音乐的英雄。我们很难把他的音乐作品归为某个单一的流派,但他的音乐成就却是巴基斯坦流行音乐重要而且持久的一个组成部分。

    埃萨赫维1951年出生在旁遮普省绵瓦利(Mianwali)的额萨·赫尔(Esa Khel)村,一个普什图人(Pashtuns)的家庭里。大众对他的生活知之甚少,但埃萨赫维透露,家人并不支持他唱歌。他的音乐老师教他如何演唱穆罕默德·拉菲(Muhammad Rafi)和穆克什(Mukesh)的歌曲,并鼓励他继续追求自己的音乐梦想。18岁时,埃萨赫维的父母禁止他唱歌后,他就离家出走了,开始自力更生。他把演唱的歌曲录在卡带上,然后寄给各个电台。

    年轻时在巴基斯坦电视台工作

    几年后,费萨拉巴德(Faisalabad)的一家录音公司在听了他的录音带之后,邀请他去录唱片。埃萨赫维共录制了4张专辑,并于1977年底在全国发行,成为当时最流行的专辑歌曲。在一次采访中谈到所取得的成功时,他说:“其实我并不渴望成为一名职业歌手,只是我内心总有一股激情迫使我要歌唱。”

    埃萨赫维众多专辑中的一张

    音乐评论家和音乐爱好者称赞他最大的贡献是把音乐带给了普通大众。随着盒式磁带播放机的引入以及汽车和公共汽车上内置音响系统的普及,音乐变得不仅越来越便携,而且人们可以随心选择自己爱听的歌曲来播放。

    2014年埃萨赫维在印度的一场音乐会上

    埃萨赫维是最早一批利用磁带和车辆功放系统来发行歌曲的巴基斯坦艺术家之一。这些歌曲磁带价格亲民,而且播放简单方便。很快,这种方式和技术就在巴基斯坦全境流行开来。再加上埃萨赫维的音乐十分特别,能深深打动普通百姓的心。旁遮普省、开伯尔省和北方山区省的那些卡车司机和公交车司机,都喜欢边开车边用车载音响播放他的歌曲。

    印有埃萨赫维头像的卡车

    很快,出租车、理发店和茶摊,到处都在播放埃萨赫维的音乐专辑。许多卡车司机还会把他的照片或歌词印在车身上,以表达对他的喜爱和钦佩之情。

    大众认为他的歌曲是一种民间流行音乐,而不是传统的东方古典音乐。他用旁遮普语和塞拉基(Seraiki)语演唱,歌曲并不专注旋律和那些晦涩难懂的波斯语单词的正确发音。无论是城市还是乡村,被他的歌曲深深打动的歌迷有数以百万之多。埃萨赫维的歌曲也不完全符合传统的分类,但并不是毫无章法,也不是那种即兴创作的歌曲。

    对普通大众来说,埃萨赫维的歌曲讲述了像他这样的人内心的渴望和弱点,讲述了他们关注的事情,他们的人生故事。听众大多是工人阶级,在演出时会吹口哨、鼓掌,大声叫喊。由于工作的关系,这些司机们对胡沙布(Khushab)或绵瓦利这样的地方都非常熟悉。

    埃萨赫维在2016年拉合尔音乐节上

    埃萨赫维用他的真诚和与生俱来的魅力歌唱,让听众爆发出热情的喊叫声。他说:“我是痛苦者的歌者,就像是无声者的声音。”

    在他40年的职业生涯中,埃萨赫维发行了许多民歌专辑,并保持了有史以来歌手专辑最多的世界纪录。他曾用五种不同的地方语言演唱,而且至今仍现身节日庆典为公众表演。他的长子也跟随他的脚步,从4岁起就和父亲一起参加训练。巴基斯坦政府于1991年授予埃萨赫维“表演成就奖”,后又于2019年授予其“卓越之星奖”。

    伊姆兰•汗总理接见埃萨赫维

    阿塔拉汗·埃萨赫维通过歌曲讲述普通人的经历,表达的是普通老百姓的情感,让普通人都能够接触到音乐艺术。正是他重新定义了巴基斯坦的流行音乐,他热情的嗓音以及将生活的艰辛和痛苦用语言、用歌曲表达出来的能力,帮助他一直延续着对歌唱的热情,帮助他触及一群群有着相似情感和境遇的人的心灵。


    As the new year begins, let us also start anew. I’m delighted to extend, on behalf of the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and in my own name, new year’s greeting and sincere wishes to YOULIN magazine’s staff and readers.

    Only in hard times can courage and perseverance be manifested. Only with courage can we live to the fullest. 2020 was an extraordinary year. Confronted by the COVID-19 pandemic, China and Pakistan supported each other and took on the challenge in solidarity. The ironclad China-Pakistan friendship grew stronger as time went by. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor projects advanced steadily in difficult times, become a standard-bearer project of the Belt and Road Initiative in balancing pandemic prevention and project achievement. The handling capacity of the Gwadar Port has continued to rise and Afghanistan transit trade through the port has officially been launched. The Karakoram Highway Phase II upgrade project is fully open to traffic. The Lahore Orange Line project has been put into operation. The construction of Matiari-Lahore HVDC project was fully completed. A batch of green and clean energy projects, such as the Kohala and Azad Pattan hydropower plants have been substantially promoted. Development agreement for the Rashakai SEZ has been signed. The China-Pakistan Community of Shared Future has become closer and closer.

    Reviewing the past and looking to the future, we are confident to write a brilliant new chapter. The year 2021 is the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan. The 100-year journey of CPC surges forward with great momentum and China-Pakistan relationship has flourished in the past 70 years. Standing at a new historic point, China is willing to work together with Pakistan to further implement the consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries, connect the CPEC cooperation with the vision of the “Naya Pakistan”, promote the long-term development of the China-Pakistan All-weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership with love, dedication and commitment. Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the founding father of Pakistan said, “We are going through fire. The sunshine has yet to come.” Yes, Pakistan’s best days are ahead, China will stand with Pakistan firmly all the way.

    YOULIN magazine is dedicated to promoting cultural exchanges between China and Pakistan and is a window for Pakistani friends to learn about China, especially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is hoped that with the joint efforts of China and Pakistan, YOULIN can listen more to the voices of readers in China and Pakistan, better play its role as a bridge to promote more effectively people-to-people bond.

    Last but not least, I would like to wish all the staff and readers of YOULIN a warm and prosper year in 2021.

    Nong Rong Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of
    The People’s Republic of China to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
    January 2021